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ARCHIVES	Wednesday, 1 November 2006	THE MYANMAR TIMES

Nay Pyi Taw, 1 Nov- On the occasion of the National Day of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, which falls on 1 November 2006, Senior General Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council of the Union of Myanmar, has sent a message of felicitations to His Excellency Mr Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria.

Nay Pyi Taw, 1 Nov- General Soe Win, Prime Minister of the Union of Myanmar, has sent a message of felicitations to His Excellency Mr Abdelaziz Belkhadem, Prime Minister of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, on the occasion of the National Day of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, which falls on 1 November, 2006.

Clarification made on laying down detailed basic principles for Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency" in drafting the State Constitution Plenary Session of National Convention continues

Yangon, 30 Oct - Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee Chief Justice U Aung Toe, Vice-Chairman Attorney-General U Aye Maung and Members of the National Convention Convening Work Committee read out the clarification on laying down detailed basic principles for Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency" in drafting the State Constitution made by the Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee at the Plenary Session of the National Convention held at Pyidaungsu Hall of Nyaunghnapin Camp in Hmawby Township, Yangon Division, at 9 am today.

Present on the occasion were Chairman of the National Convention Convening Commission Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Thein Sein and Commission members, Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee Chief Justice U Aung Toe and Work Committee members, Chairman of the National Convention Convening Management Committee Auditor-General Maj-Gen Lun Maung and Management Committee members, chairmen and officials of subcommittees, delegates of political parties National Unity Party, Union Pa-O National Organization, Shan State Kokang Democratic Party, Mro (or) Khami National Solidarity Organization, Lahu National Development Party, Union Kayin League, Kokang Democracy and Unity Party and Wa National Development Party, representatives-elect of National Unity Party and Mro (or) Khami National Solidarity Organization, independent representatives, delegates of national races from Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Chin, Mon, Rakhine, Shan (South), Shan (North) and Shan (East) States, Sagaing, Taninthayi, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Yangon and Ayeyawady Divisions, delegates of peasants from Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Chin, Mon, Rakhine, Shan (South), Shan (North) and Shan (East) States, Sagaing, Taninthayi, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Yangon and Ayeyawady Divisions, delegates of intellectuals and intelligentsia, delegates of workers from Kachin, Kayah, Kayin, Chin, Mon, Rakhine, Shan (South), Shan (North) and Shan (East) States, Sagaing, Taninthayi, Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Yangon and Ayeyawady Divisions, delegates of State Service Personnel from the State Peace and Development Council Office, the President Office, the Pyithu Hluttaw Office, the Government Office, the Supreme Court, the Attorney-General’s Office, the Auditor-General’s Office, the Multi-party Democracy General Election Commission Office, the Civil Service Selection and Training Board, the Yangon City Development Committee, the Mandalay City Development Committee and ministries, other invited delegates, delegates from Shan State (North) Special Region-1, Shan State (North) Special Region-2, Shan State (North) Special Region-3, Shan State (East) Special Region-4, Shan State (North) Special Region-5, Shan State (South) Special Region-6, Kachin State Special Region-1, Kachin State Special Region-2, Kayah State Special Region-3, Kayinni National Democratic Party (KNDP) (Dragon) Group, Kayinni National Progressive Party (KNPP) (Hoya), Kayinni National Unity and Solidarity Organization (Ka Ma Sa Nya), Democratic Kayin Buddhist Organization (DKBA) and Haungthayaw Special Region Group, Nyeinchanyay Myothit Group from Hpa-an Township of Kayin State, Burma Communist Party (Rakhine State Group), Arakan Army (AA), Homein Region Development and Welfare Group, Shwepyiaye (MTA), Manpan People’s Militia Group, Mon Peace Group (Chaungchi Region) and Mon Nai Seik Chan Group that had exchanged arms for peace.

Before the Plenary Session of the National Convention, Chairman of the NCCC Secretary-1 Lt-Gen Thein Sein and Commission members, Chairman of the NCCWC Chief Justice U Aung Toe and Work Committee members, Chairman of the NCCMC Auditor-General Maj-Gen Lun Maung and Management Committee members, chairmen and officials of the subcommittees, delegates of political parties, representatives-elect, delegates of the National Races, Peasants, Workers, Intellectuals and Intelligentsia, State Service Personnel, and Other Invited Persons, signed attendance books at Pyidaungsu Hall and the recreation hall.

NCCC Chairman Secretary-1 Lt-Gen Thein Sein presided over the Plenary Session of National Convention and Secretary of NCCC Minister for Information Brig-Gen Kyaw Hsan acted as Master of Ceremonies.

The MC declared the start of meeting as 1,072 out of 1,081 delegates were in attendance, accounting for 99.17 per cent, and the plenary session commenced with the permission of the meeting chairman.

First, NCCWC Member U Tun Tun Oo read out the clarification made by the Chairman of the NCCWC on laying down detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency" in drafting the State Constitution.

Next, Member of NCCWC Brig-Gen Mya Win presented clarification made by the Chairman of the NCCWC on laying down detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency" in drafting the State Constitution. The Plenary Session took a break.

(Presentation made by Members of NCCWC U Tun Tun Oo and Brig-Gen Mya Win is reported separately.)

When the Plenary Session resumed at 9.55 am, Chairman of NCCWC Chief Justice U Aung Toe clarified matters on laying down detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency" in drafting the State Constitution.

Next, Vice-Chairman of NCCWC Attorney-General U Aye Maung presented clarification made by the Chairman on laying down detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency" in drafting the State Constitution. The Plenary Session went into recess at 11 am.

(Clarification made by NCCWC Chairman Chief Justice U Aung Toe and presentation made by NCCWC Vice-Chairman Attorney-General U Aye Maung will be reported.)

Winners of 14th Myanmar Traditional Cultural Performing Arts Competitions awarded

Nay Pyi Taw, 31 Oct-The prize-presentation ceremony of the 14th Myanmar Traditional Cultural Performing Arts Competitions was held at the hall of University of Veterinary Science (Yezin) here on 29 October with an address by Patron of Leading Committee for Organizing the Competitions Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Thein Sein.

Also present on the occasion were Daw Khin Than Nwe, wife of Lt-Gen Tin Oo, members of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Maung Bo and Lt-Gen Tin Aye, Chairman of Leading Committee for Organizing the Competitions Commander of Nay Pyi Taw Command Brig-Gen Wai Lwin and wife, the ministers and their wives, senior military officers, the deputy ministers, the deputy attorney-general, the deputy auditor-general, members of Civil Service Selection and Training Board, members of the Leading Committee, the chairmen of the work committees and the sub-committees and members, members of panel of judges and others.

First, Patron of Leading Committee for Organizing the Competitions Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Thein Sein made a speech.

Prizes were presented to those who stood first, second and third in the singing contest, the song composing contest, the instrument playing contest.

Next, member of the Leading Committee Deputy Minister for Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement Brig-Gen Kyaw Myint presented prizes to U Tin Aung of Bago Division who stood first, U Tin Win of Yangon Division who stood second and Myanmarpyi Hlaing Min of Yangon Division who stood third in the amateur level (first division) men’s Donmin contest; U Hlaing Tint Swe of Yangon Division who first, U Myint Soe of Ayeyawady Division who stood second and U Hla Myint of Bago Division and U Naing Oo of Mon State who stood third in the amateur level (second division) Donmin contest; Maung Min Gaung Soe of Mandalay Division who stood first and Maung Myo Thu of Mandalay Division who stood second in the higher education level men’s Donmin contest; Maung Thet Lwin Aung Htway of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Zeya Soe Oo of Yangon Division who stood second and Maung Thura of Bago Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 15-20) boy’s Domin contest ; Maung Aung Kyaw Myint of Bago Division who stood first, Maung Sithu Htet Aung of Yangon Division who stood second and Maung Mya Moe of Magway Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 10-15) boy’s Domin contest; Maung San Shwe Myat of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Pho Thingyan of Yangon Division who stood second and Maung Nay Bala Kyaw of Magway Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 5-10) boy’s Domin contest.

Next, member of the Leading Committee Deputy Minister for Energy Brig-Gen Than Htay presented prizes to Daw Sein Sein Yin of Mandalay Division who stood first and Daw Yee Phone Swe of Yangon Division who stood second in the amateur level (first class) women’s Domin contest; Daw Lwin Lwin Cho Tun of Ayeyawady Division who stood first, Daw Mya Hnin Yee of Yangon Division who stood second and Daw Khine Khine Myint of Bago Division who stood third in the amateur level (second class) women’s Domin contest; Ma Aye Su Mon of Mandalay Division who stood second in the higher education level women’s Domin contest; Ma Shwe Sin Chit of Yangon Division who stood first and Ma Khin Nilar Soe of Mandalay Division who stood second in the basic education level (aged 15-20) girl’s Domin contest; Ma Nan Kyar Nyo Kyawt of Yangon Division who stood first, Ma Thin Thin Han of Bago Division who stood second and Ma Zarni Khine of Mandalay Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 10-15) girl’s Domin contest; and Ma Phyu Phay Thant of Mandalay Division who stood first in the basic education level (aged 5-10) girl’s Domin contest.

After that, member of the Work Committee Deputy Minister for Progress of Border Areas and National Races and Development Affairs Col Tin Ngwe presented prizes to U Nyunt Win Naing of Yangon Division who stood first, U San Ohn of Yangon Division who stood second and U Ta Naw of Mandalay Division who stood third in the amateur level (first class) oboe contest; U San Lwin of Mandalay Division who stood first, Maung Myo Min Than of Ayeyawady Division who stood second and Myanmarpyi Chit Moe Hlan of Mon State who stood third in the amateur level (second class) oboe contest; Maung Nay Win (a) Nay Lin of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Zaw Myo Win of Ayeyawady Division who stood second and Maung Sithu Myo of Mandalay Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 10-15) oboe contest; Maung Zin Waing of Mandalay Division who stood first, Maung Tun Nanda of Yangon Division who stood second and Maung Soe Thiha of Yangon Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 10-15) oboe contest; Maung Pyi Phyo Aung of Ayeyawady Division and Maung Han Soe of Mandalay Division who stood first, Maung Chan Lwin Moe of Yangon Division who stood second and Maung Nyein Win Moe of Yangon Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 5-10) oboe contest.

Afterwards, member of the Leading Committee Deputy Minister for Transport Col Nyan Tun Aung presented prizes to U Khin Maung Yin of Yangon Division who stood first, U Kyin Maung of Kachin State who stood second and U Ba Thet of Mon State who stood third in the amateur level (first class) men’s violin contest; U Hla Aung of Mon State who stood first, U Yu Maw of Yangon Division and U Tin Soe of Ayeyawady Division who stood second and U Tin Ohn of Magway Division who stood third in the amateur level (second class) men’s violin contest; Maung Saw Htoo Htoo Wai of Kayah State who stood first, Maung Kyawt Shin Naing of Ayeyawady Division who stood second and Maung Ye Yint of Mandalay Division who stood third in the higher education level boy’s violin contest.

Next, member of the Leading Committee Deputy Minister for Rail Transportation Thura U Thaung Lwin presented prizes to Maung Min Thu Kha of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Thet Lwin Aung Tun of Yangon Division who stood second and Maung Thet Aung Soe of Ayeyawady Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 15-20) boys’ violin contest; Maung Nay Lin Soe of Kachin State who stood first, Maung Myo Thiha Ko of Mandalay Division who stood second and Maung Saw Gaydayan of Yangon Division and Maung Sai Thaw Zin Lin of Shan State who stood third in the basic education level (aged 10-15) boys’ violin contest; Maung Min Thiha Aung of Mon State who stood first, Maung Thwin Min Htet of Ayeyawady Division who stood second and Maung Hein Min Zaw of Mandalay Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 5-10) boys’ violin contest.

Later, member of the Working Committee Deputy Auditor-General Daw Thin Thin presented prizes to Ma Naw Thulay Phaw Wai of Mon State who stood first and Ma Lwin Lwin Cho Tun of Ayeyawady Division who stood second in the amateur level (second class) women’s violin contest; Ma Khin Swe Mya Nyunt of Mandalay Division who stood first, Ma Thet Paing Kyaw of Yangon Division who stood second and Ma Sanda Win of Yangon Division who stood third in the higher education level women’s violin contest; Ma Naw Donay Htoo of Kayah State who stood first in the basic education level (aged 15-20) girls’ violin contest; Ma Aye Lin Thu of Kachin State who stood first, Ma Myat Mon Ko Ko of Shan State who stood second and Ma Khin Thiri Lwin of Yangon Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 10-15) girls’ violin contest; Ma La Yeik Phar of Mon State who stood first and Ma Shwe Yee Win of Mandalay Division who stood second in the basic education level (aged 5-10) girls’ violin contest.

Next, Deputy Minster for Industry-2 Lt-Col Khin Maung Kyaw presented prizes to U Hla Myaing of Yangon Division who stood first, U Kaung Thant of Mandalay Division who stood third and U Myo Hein Oo of Yangon Division who stood third in the amateur level (first class) men’s orchestra (individual) contest; U Tin Maung of Bago Division who stood first, Tha Stine (a) U Kyi Nwe of Yangon Division who stood second and U Star of Sagaing Division who stood third in the amateur level (second class) men’s orchestra (individual) contest; Maung Aung Bo Min of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Lwin Ko Ko Oo of Ayeyawady Division who stood second and U Myo Zaw Hein of Yangon Division who stood third in the higher education level men’s orchestra (individual) contest; Maung Zaw Min of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Bo Shine of Yangon Division who stood second and Maung Khant Kaw of Mandalay Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 15-20) boys’ orchestra (individual) contest; Maung Aung San Min of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Pho Htet Aung of Sagaing Division who stood second and Maung Yan Paing (a) Paing Aung who stood third in the basic education level (aged 15-20) boy’s orchestra (individual) contest; Maung Phyo Wai Thu of Yangon Division who stood first, Maung Zaw Min Maung of Sagaing Division who stood second and Maung Ye Yint Thu (a) Wai Yan Oo who stood third in the basic education level (aged 5-10) boys’ orchestra (individual) contest.

Next, Deputy Minister for Construction U Tint Swe presented prizes to Doe Bo Ma (a) Moe Thuzar Aye of Mandalay Division who stood first, Daw Khin Khin Myint of Rakhine State who stood second and Daw Khine Zar Win of Yangon Division who stood third in the amateur level (first division) women’s orchestra (individual) contest; Doe Bo Hla (a) Daw Aye Thanda Lwin of Mandalay Division who stood first, Daw Mya Mya Win of Bago Division who stood second and Daw Kyi Kyi San of Mandalay Division who stood third in the amateur level (first division) women’s orchestra (individual) contest; Ma Tin Zar Aye Lwin of Yangon Division who stood first, Ma Myint Myint Thin of Mandalay Division who stood second and Ma Ei Ei Mon of Yangon Division who stood third in the higher education level women’s orchestra (individual) contest; Ma Wint Thinza Stine of Yangon Division who stood first, Ma Shwe Zin Kalar Htet Htet Kyaw of Mandalay Division who stood second and Ka Kay Zin Chit Su of Yangon Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 15-20) girl’s orchestra (individual) contest; Ma Zarni Nan Lwin of Yangon Division who stood first, Ma La Min Tun of Sagaing Division and Ma Win Nanda Lwin of Yangon Division who stood second and Ma Zin Mar Phyo of Bago Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 10-15) girl’s orchestra (individual) contest; and Ma Aye Myat Noe Khin of Yangon Division who stood first, Ma Phyu Hnin Khine of Sagaing Division who stood second and Ma Hnin Ei Hlaing of Magaway Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 5-10) girl’s orchestra (individual) contest.

Next, Deputy Minister for Science and Technology U Kyaw Soe presented prizes to U Ohn Ngwe and group of Mandalay Division who stood first, U Sein Kalar and group of Mandalay Division who stood second and U Myo Aung Oo and group of Yangon Division who stood third in the amateur level (first division) men’s Ozi contest; U Kyaw Kyaw Lin and group of Bago Division and U Sein Wunna and group of Mandalay Division who stood first, U Aye Min and group of Yangon Division who stood second and U Aung San Min and group of Yangon Division who stood third in the amateur level (second division) men’s Ozi contest; Sein Meik Tee and group of Sagaing Division who stood first, Maung Myo Thu and group of Mandalay Division who stood second and Maung Nyunt Aung and group of Yangon Division who stood third in the higher education level men’s Ozi contest; Maung Zaw Min and group of Yangon Division and Maung Pyi Phyo Maw and group of Mandalay Division who stood first and Maung Thaw Zin Phyo and group of Sagaing Division who stood second and Maung Zaw Min Oo and group of Yangon Division who stood third in the basic education level (aged 15-20) boy’s Ozi contest.

Next, Deputy Minister for Education U Myo Nyunt presented the first, second and third prizes to Maung Sein Bo Htwa (a) Min Ko Ko and troupe of Mandalay Division, Maung Htet Arkar and troupe of Yangon Division and Maung Kyaw Kyaw Bo and troupe of Yangon Division and special prize to Maung Ki Aunlein of Chin State in basic education level boy’s Ozi contest (aged 10-15); first, second and third prizes to Maung Aung Khaing Hein and troupe of Mandalay Division, Maung Yan Naing Win and troupe of Sagaing Division and Maung Soe Han and troupe of Yangon Division in basic education level boy’s solo orchestra contest (aged 5-10); and first, second and third prizes to U Sein Kala and troupe of Mandalay Division, U Ohn Ngwe and troupe of Mandalay Division and U Myo Aung Oo (a) Maung Maung Oo and troupe of Yangon Division in amateur level dobat contest (First class).

Deputy Minister for Immigration and Population Maj-Gen Aung Kyi presented first, second and third prizes to Maung Zeya Tun Wai and troupe of Ayeyawady Division, U Aung Than Zaw and troupe of Sagaing Division and Maung Zarni Bo and troupe of Yangon Division in amateur level dobat contest (Second class); first, second and third prizes to Maung Aung Cheint and troupe of Yangon Division, Sein Win Htet and troupe of Sagaing Division and Maung Nyunt Aung (a) Nyo Chaw and troupe of Yangon Division; and first, second and third prizes to Maung Pyae Phyo Maw and troupe of Mandalay Division, Maung Zaw Min (a) Pho La Pyae and troupe of Yangon Division and Maung Bo Shine (a) Htet Htet Paing Lin and troupe of Yangon Division in basic education level dobat contest (aged 15-20); first, second and third prizes to Maung Min Hein Htet and troupe of Mandalay Division, Maung Phyo Wai Thu and troupe of Yangon Division, Maung Thiha Zaw and troupe of Yangon Division and Maung Sein Bo Htwa (a) Min Ko Ko and troupe of Mandalay Division in basic education level dobat contest (aged 10-15); and first, second and third prized to Maung Yan Naing Win and troupe of Sagaing Division, Maung Zin Myo Htet and troupe of Ayeyawady Division and Maung Zwe Arkar and troupe of Yangon Division in basic education level dobat contest (aged 5-10)

Deputy Minister for Labour Brig-Gen Win Sein presented first, second and third prizes to U Sein Kyaw Lwin and troupe of Ayeyawady Division, U Ye Lin Bo (a) Tun Ko Ko and troupe and U Zaw Win and troupe of Bago Division in amateur level men’s orchestra contest (First class); first, second and third prizes to U Myo Hein Oo (a) Hein Raza and troupe of Yangon Division, U Aung Myint Bo and troupe of Yangon Division and Hsan Thit Aung (a) U Maung Maung Nyunt and troupe of Bago Division and U Shine Aung and troupe of Mandalay Division in amateur level men’s orchestra contest (Second class); first, second and third prizes to Maung Aung Bo Min and troupe of Yangon Division, Maung Myo Thu and troupe of Mandalay Division and Maung Nyunt Aung (a) Nyo Chaw and troupe of Yangon Division in high education level men’s orchestra contest; and first, second and third prized to Maung Ye Min and troupe of Yangon Division, Maung Thein Tun Oo and troupe of Sagaing Division and Maung Bo Shine (a) Htet Htet Paing Lin of Yangon Division in basic education level boy’s orchestra contest (aged 15-20); first, second and third prizes to Maung Htet Arka and troupe of Yangon Division, Maung Yadanar Tun and troupe of Sagaing Division, Maung Kathe Maung and troupe of Yangon Division in the basic education level ( aged 10-15 ) boys’ troupe orchestra contest; first, second and third prizes to Maung Zaw Min Maung and troupe of Sagaing Division, Maung Aung Khine Hein and troupe of Mandalay Division and Maung Ko Ko Naing and troupe of Ayeyawady Division and to Maung Phyo Wai Thu of Yangon Division in the basic education level (aged 5-10) boys’ troupe orchestra contest.

Deputy Attorney-General U Myint Naing presented first prize to Doe Bo Ma (a) Moe Thuzar Aye and troupe of Mandalay Division, second prize to Daw Khin Zar Win and troupe of Yangon Division and third prize to Daw Nyo Nyo Seint and troupe of Mandalay Division in the amateur level (first class) women’s troupe orchestra contest; first prize to Pauk Kyaw Ma and troupe of Yangon Division, second prize to Daw Kyi Kyi San and troupe of Mandalay Division and third prize to Daw Nu Nu Lwin and troupe of Mandalay Division in the amateur level ( second class ) women ’s troupe orchestra contest; first prize to Ma Aye Su Mar and troupe of Ayeyawady Division, second prize to Ma Ei Ei Mon and troupe of Yangon Division and third prize to Ma Thin Su Lwin and troupe of Yangon Division and Ma Chaw Su Hline and troupe of Mon State in the higher education level of women’s troupe orchestra contest.

Member of the Civil Service and Selection and Training Board U Soe Oo gave first prize to Ma Wint Thinzar Stine and troupe of Yangon Division, second prize to Ma Sabe Phwe and troupe of Mandalay Division in the basic education level ( aged 15-20 ) girls’ troupe orchestra contest; first prize to Ma Nandar Win Bo and troupe of Yangon Division, second prize to Ma Aye Myat Noe Khin and troupe of Yangon Division and third prize to Ma Khin Khin Bo and troupe of Mandalay Division in the basic education level ( aged 10-15 ) girls’ troupe orchestra contest.; first prize to Chit Su Wai Stine and troupe of Yangon Division, second prize to Poe Ei San and troupe of Yangon Division and third prize to Ma Phyu Phwe Thant and troupe of Mandalay Division in the basic education level ( aged 5-10 ) girls’ troupe orchestra contest and concluded the prize presentation ceremony.

Lt-Gen Ye Myint inspects hydel power project, bridge construction, crop cultivation in Singaing

Nay Pyi Taw,, 31 Oct - Member of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Ye Myint of the Ministry of Defence, accompanied by Chairman of Mandalay Division Peace and Development Council Commander of the Central Command Maj-Gen Khin Zaw, yesterday went to Yeywa Hydel Power Project in Singaing Township, Kyaukse, and inspected the construction tasks.

At the project, Lt-Gen Ye Myint met with officials concerned. After hearing reports on the construction tasks, he called for the timely completion of work.

During his tour of inspection, Lt-Gen Ye Myint and Commander Maj-Gen Khin Zaw also visited the cotton cultivation zone in Singaing Township and urged officials of Myanma Cotton and Sericulture Enterprise to extend cotton cultivation and to make efforts for meeting the township’s targeted crop acerage.

Afterwards, they proceeded to construction site of Thanywa Bridge (Naungkhan) which will link Kyaukse, Meiktila and Yamethin districts. After hearing reports, Lt-Gen Ye Myint called for timely completion of the bridge meeting the set standard.

He also visited the 102-acre monsoon paddy plantation in the township which put 41,508 acres under paddy this rainy season. Out of 7,705 acres flooded in the rainy season in the township, 1,583 were damaged by the flood and arrangements have been made to grow peas instead of paddy in the damaged fields.

Lt-Gen Ye Myint and party inspected monsoon paddy fields on their way to Mandalay in motorcade.

Nay Pyi Taw 31 Oct - Member of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Kyaw Win of the Ministry of Defence, Chairman of Shan State Peace and Development Council (North) Commander of North-East Command Brig-Gen Aung Than Htut, officials of the State Peace and Development Council Office and departmental heads visited No 2 Basic Education High School in Laukkai on 28 October. Lt-Gen Kyaw Win inspected the classrooms and presented exercise books and stationery to teacher Daw Yin Htay Win. Lt-Gen Kyaw Win and party inspected computer aided instruction room, computer skill room, audio room, language lab and the laboratory.

They went to No 1 Basic Education High School presented exercise books and stationery to students. They then inspected classrooms. In his discussions, Lt-Gen Kyaw Win said teachers are to nurture the students to become brilliant human resources and to make efforts for narrowing the education gap between urban and rural regions.

Lt-Gen Kyaw Win and party proceeded to the people’s hospital and they were conducted round by Medical Superintendent Dr Tin Win.

He spoke of the need to promote rural health care services with the use of modern medical equipment.

Officials concerned reported on regional developments, eradication of poppy cultivation and poverty in cooperation with international organizations and social organizations and cultivation of poppy substitute crops. Commander Brig-Gen Aung Than Htut gave a supplementary report.

Lt-Gen Kyaw Win said departments concerned are to make endeavours for progress in civil administration, economic and social sectors, for rice sufficiency in the region and good pass rate in education sector.

He said public health care services are to be extended and arrangements are to be made for opening of more rural health care centres.

A total of 277 miles of roads, three hospitals and seven dispensaries, five high schools and 22 primary schools, three TV retransmission stations were built and four generators were installed and a hydel power station was built at a cost of K 468.1459 million by Border Areas and National Races Development Affairs Department.

Next, Lt-Gen Kyaw Win cordially greeted Tatmadaw members and families and presented gifts to them.

Yangon, 31 Oct- Clarification made by the Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee on laying down detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency" for drafting the State Constitution at the Plenary Session of the National Convention held at Nyaunghnapin Camp in Hmawby Township, Yangon Division, today, will be published in the dailies.

Presentations on laying down detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Political Parties"

Yangon, 31 Oct- The following is the presentation made at the Plenary Session of the National Convention held in Nyaunghnapin Camp, Hmawby Township, Yangon Division, yesterday, by Member of National Convention Convening Work Committee Dr Tun Shin on clarification of the Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee on detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Political Parties" to be included in drafting the State Constitution.

Concerning political parties, a detailed basic principle "the State shall enact necessary law for systematic formation of political parties for flourishing of genuine multiparty democracy system" has already been adopted. In accord with the adopted detailed basic principle there should be a law to systematically establish political parties for flourishing of discipline-flourishing genuine multiparty democracy system and emergence of political parties that will correctly lead the citizens. Only if the Constitution has the provisions, that are in accord with the political, security, economic and social conditions and traditions and customs of the nation, for political parties, can the respective laws that are enacted as necessary be observed.

It is necessary for the National Convention to lay down detailed basic principles in connection with political parties to be prescribed in the Constitution. Explanation will be made on the matter in three parts as mentioned in the following to assist the task of laying down the said detailed basic principles.

The Union of Myanmar that has been under the rule of her own monarchs became a colony after three wars, the first one in 1824, the second in 1852, and the third in 1885, with the colonialists. The nation regained independence on 4 January 1948. But she faced many dangers of insurgency resulting from colonialist instigation. Hence, the Tatmadaw had to safeguard the nation. Every time the Union faced disintegration, the Tatmadaw had to safeguard it. Time and again, the Tatmadaw has safeguarded the nation.

The neo-colonialists begrudging the unity of the national races of the Union have been making attempts to break up the national unity and the Union through various means to make Myanmar their minion. All the citizens should always keep in the fore Our Three Main National Causes, with political awareness. It is also necessary for political parties to safeguard Our Three Main National Causes as a national duty.

Suggestions are to be made whether the point "Political parties set the objective - non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity and perpetuation of sovereignty" should be adopted as a detailed basic principle or not.

Even countries claiming themselves as firmly-established democracies had to develop democracy stage by stage for many years in the past during which they had sacrificed lots of blood and sweat. We have witnessed some nations fall apart after a quick transition to practise discipline-flourishing genuine democracy without having any experience in it.

Every individual country will be able to fulfil the people’s wish only if it practises democracy that is in conformity with its history, social standard, traditions and culture and customs. It is necessary for the people to accept with conviction that the national cause is their concern. A nation where a majority of people having the conviction becomes more democratic. If there arise nation-wide internal problems they should be addressed and solved by the country concerned through her own ways and systems.

We have found that in practising a discipline-flourishing genuine multiparty democracy, the essence of democracy depends on the citizens’ knowledge and understanding of the following factors:

(a) Public ability to fully understand the political essence;
(b) Public faculty to express their opinions and wishes;
(c) Untiring public interest in politics;
(d) Public ability to maintain and control their political belief without being deceived by others’ political propaganda and organization.

The political parties should have the capability to educate and organize their members and the public as they have relations with the people to take part in the elections en masse to express their opinions in accord with the above-mentioned views, have untiring interest in the politics, fully understand the essence of politics, and be free from being deceived by others’ political propaganda and organization. In addition, discipline-flourishing genuine democracy will flourish in the nation only if there are parties that can maintain and realize their political aims.

Now the political parties of some countries including Myanmar that practise parliamentary democracy will be dealt with. Some parties gradually change into organizations giving priority to regional affairs or personal role rather than the cause of the entire nation.

Myanmar has already witnessed the weaknesses and loopholes of the parliamentary democracy when she practised the system after regaining Independence. A study of those weaknesses and loopholes shows that they were the results of the lack of democracy experiences in history, the single party governance in real terms in the name of parliamentary democracy, the public intellectual progress that had not reached the level of defining and exercising the rights and duties of democracy with correct conviction, the political parties’ insufficient ability to train, educate and lead the people to exercise democracy rights with a sense of duty, and the lack of development in infrastructure that would help realize the essence of democracy more fully.

It is found that it is required to lay down detailed basic principles concerning the qualifications of political parties as necessary, after taking the experiences Myanmar had faced as lessons, for the flourishing of genuine multiparty democracy in the nation.

A political party must abide by the Constitution and the existing laws in addition to accepting and exercising a genuine multiparty democracy system. Moreover, it must be legally registered.

Suggestion should be made whether to adopt the following detailed basic principle as a point to be observed by the political parties:

(a) accept and practise discipline-flourishing genuine multiparty democracy.
(b) abide by the Constitution and the existing laws.
(c) be legally registered as a political party.

A nation will develop only if it is headed by firm and systematically-established political parties.

As for the existence of such parties, appropriate principles should be adopted to the constitution, and the political parties should be formed systematically according to the provisions contained in the constitution without undermining the essence of multiparty democracy. A systematically formed political party can exist as a political party and carry out organizational work in the nation in accord with the law. In addition, it will have the permission to stand for elections held in the nation.

The delegates will have to suggest whether the following detailed basic principle should be laid down:

If a political party having to keep in the fore the interest of the nation and the people is declared as an unlawful organization in accord with the existing law, naturally, its existence should not be permitted.

It is opined that the continued existence of a political organization that has direct or indirect connections with an insurgent group launching an armed rebellion against the State, an organization or persons the State has designated as the ones committing terrorist acts or an organization the State has declared unlawful, should not be permitted as its acts will undermine Our Three Main National Causes.

Political parties will accept and exercise in accord with Our Three Main National Causes and genuine multiparty democracy system. They will abide by the Constitution and the existing laws. In accord with the foreign policy prescribed in the Constitution, the nation will exercise independent and active non-aligned foreign policy.

A political party directly or indirectly receiving financial, material and other assistance from the government or a religious organization, or other organization or an individual person of a foreign country, will become an organization going against the policies practised by the State. In this situation, the said political party should not be allowed to exist as a political party any more.

According to the adopted basic principles and detailed basic principles, religion shall not be abused for political purpose. If a political party abuses religion for political purpose, its continued existence as a political party should not be permitted any more.

If the body having the authority to register political parities finds that a political party has infringed to any one of the provisions ensuring the rights of the existence of political parties, the party’s registration should be revoked.

Concerning the no right to exist of the political parties, the delegates will have to hold discussions to decide whether the following detailed basic principles should be laid down:

(a) it has been declared as an unlawful association in accord with the existing law.

(b) it contacts or abets the insurgent group waging the armed rebellion against the State or the association or persons determined by the State to have committed terrorist acts or the association declared to be unlawful association directly or indirectly.

(c) it directly or indirectly receives financial, material and other assistance from the government or a religious association, or any other association or an individual person of a foreign country.

2. If the body having the authority to register political parties finds that a political party is connected with anyone of the points stated in the above-mentioned sub-paragraphs (a), (b), (c) or (d), the party’s registration shall be revoked.

Political parties have the duty to serve the interest of the nation and the people resolutely. They should be the organizations capable of heading towards flourishing of discipline-flourishing genuine multiparty democracy in the entire Union and in the respective Regions and States in accord with the nation’s political, security, economic and social conditions and traditions and customs. It is opined that the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw should enact necessary laws for the political parties to prevent deviation when they carry out the leadership role.

Suggestions are to be made whether the following detailed principle should be laid down:

"The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall enact necessary laws concerning the political parties."

Now, a collection of detailed basic principles concerning the Chapter "Political Parties" will be presented as follows:

1. Political parties set the objective - non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity and perpetuation of sovereignty.

(a) it has been declared as an unlawful organization in accord with the existing law;

(b) it makes connections with or provides support and assistance to insurgent groups waging an armed rebellion against the State, organizations or persons the State has announced as the ones committing terrorist acts or organizations the State has declared unlawful;

(c) it directly or indirectly receives financial, material and other assistance from the government or a religious organization, or any other organization or an individual person of a foreign country;

2. If the body having the authority to register political parities finds that a political party is connected with any one of the points stated in the above-mentioned subparagraphs (a), (b), (c) or (d), the party’s registration shall be revoked.

6. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall enact necessary laws concerning the political parties.

It is requested that the delegates to present their suggestions concerning the detailed basic principles on the Chapter "Political Parties" and other proposals if any. With this I conclude.

Presentations on laying down detailed basic principles for Chapter "Provisions on State of Emergency"

Yangon, 31 Oct- The following is the presentation made at the Plenary Session of the National Convention held in Nyaunghnapin Camp, Hmawby Township, Yangon Division, today, by Members of National Convention Convening Work Committee U Tun Tun Oo and Brig-Gen Mya Win on clarification of the Chairman of the National Convention Convening Work Committee on detailed basic principles for the Chapter "Provision on State of Emergency" to be included in drafting the State Constitution.

The National Convention has already laid down a separate Chapter heading "Provisions State of Emergency". Clarification will be made the National Convention Convening Work Committee’s study of the matters in connection with the Chapter.

The National Convention has already adopted the following detailed basic principles concerning the Chapter.

"(a) When there arises a state of emergency characterized by inability to perform executive functions in accord with provisions of the State Constitution in a region or state or a self-administered area, the President of the State is empowered to exercise executive power in that region, state or self-administered area and if necessary in doing so, the President of the State is empowered to exercise legislative powers concerning that region, state or self-administered area in accord with provisions of the State Constitution;

"(b)when there arises or there is sufficient reason to arise a state of emergency endangering life and property of the people in a region, a state or a self-administered area, the Tatmadaw has the right, in accord with provisions of the State Constitution, to preempt that danger and provide protection;

"(c) when there arises a state of emergency that could cause disintegration of the Union, disintegration of national solidarity and loss of national sovereignty, due to take over of sovereign State power of attempts therefore by wrongful forcible means such as insurgency or violence, the Defence Services Commander-in-Chief has the right to take over and exercise

Clarification will be made on the study of the Work Committee for the National Convention to lay down detailed basic principles concerning the declaration of the state of emergency and the empowerment of the authority to declare martial law as necessary when the state of emergency has been declared.

A state of emergency occurs in a nation where there arises a threat endangering the national defence and security and the rule of law in some regions or in the entire nation, or a foreign military intervention, or a worsening political and economic situation and a natural calamity such as the storm, flood, fire and earthquake. In this situation, the Head of State will have to declare state of emergency and take necessary measures to restore the situation into normalcy as he is entrusted with the power to do so by the Constitution.

The constitutions of a large number of nations prescribe that it is necessary for the Head of State after declaring a state of emergency to present the measures taken by him and by the organizations and persons he has empowered to exercise executive power during the emergency period to the parliament concerned for approval, and that a state of emergency can be declared only for a specific period.

Presentation will be made on the provisions of the 1947 Constitution and the 1974 Constitution concerning the matter. The sub-sections 1 and 3 of section 94 of the 1947 Constitution prescribed, "94.(1) Notwithstanding anything in section 92, the Parliament shall, if the President has declared by Proclamation (in this Constitution referred to as a "Proclamation of Emergency"), that a grave emergency exists whereby the security of the Union is threatened, whether by war or internal disturbance, or that a grave economic emergency affecting the Union has arisen in any part of the Union, have power to make laws for a State or any part thereof with respect to any of the matters enumerated in the State Legislative List.

"(b) shall cease to operate at the expiration of six months, unless before the expiration of that period it has been approved by resolutions of both Chambers of Parliament:

"Provided that, if and so often as a resolution approving the continuance in force of such a Proclamation, the Proclamation shall, unless revoked, continue in the force for a further period of twelve months from the date on which under this sub-section it would otherwise have ceased to operate."

In the 1974 Constitution, the Article 76 prescribed, "The Council of State may declare a state of emergency and promulgate martial law in specified areas or in the entire State, if an emergency affecting the defence and security of the State should arise. It may order mobilization in certain areas or in the entire State. Such measures shall be submitted for approval to the nearest session of the Pyithu Hluttaw." According to the provision, the power to declare a state of emergency is entrusted with the State Council, but not with the President.

After studying the 1947 Constitution and the constitutions of some nations, it is found that the power to declare a state of emergency is vested in the President. But the power is not totally and independently vested in the President. The President has to submit the measures he has taken to the legislative bodies for approval.

The study also shows that a state of emergency can be declared because of war, foreign invasion, armed insurgency, natural disasters, economy and the President’s assumption that a grave situation is endangering the security of the entire nation or any part of the nation. If a proclamation on a state of emergency is issued, the parliamentary approval must be sought for the proclamation before the end of the prescribed period. It will cease to operate at the expiration of the prescribed period, unless it has been approved by resolutions of Parliament before the expiration of that period.

In the constitutions of some nations, the provisions for the Chapter has been prescribed in accord with their situation and geographical conditions. It is required to include provisions that are in conformity with our nation in declaring a state of emergency.

According to the detailed basic principles adopted by the National Convention, Regions and States and Self-Administered Areas will be designated and set up. The legislative, executive and judicial powers will also be shared with the Regions and States and Self-Administered Areas. In sharing the three powers, the constant running of the State administrative machinery is of vital importance. The administrative machinery will become ineffective because of the deficiencies and weaknesses of the administrative bodies or because of the unscrupulous persons trying to make gains out of those weaknesses.

The administrative machinery’s failure to run in a normal situation is an ominous sign for the rule of law and community peace. In this situation, it is necessary for the President to declare a state of emergency to restore the situation in time. The act of declaring a state of emergency in an area is a very important task that needs extra care. The matter should not be decided by a single person. Failure to declare a state of emergency in time will lead the problem to spread to other areas till it becomes out of control. If necessary issuance of the declaration is delayed because of a heedless decision will harm the political, economic and social stability of the State. Hence, it will be more beneficial to the State if the President issued the declaration only after making due consideration with an organization or a person responsible for the nation’s defence and security. The fact that the President should issue the declaration only after making coordination with the National Defence and Security formed under the Constitution should be included in the detailed basic principles. It will be more effective if the President after making cooperation in advance issue an order, having the force of law, to declare a state of emergency.

As regards the declaration of a state of emergency, discussions are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle should be laid down or not for the situation during which the administrative functions cannot run in accord with the Constitution in a Region or a State or a Union territory or a Self-Administered Area:

"1. If the President learns that the administrative functions cannot be carried out in accord with the Constitution in a Region or a State or a Union territory or a Self-Administered Area, he shall, after coordinating with National Defence and Security Council, issue order having the force of law to declare a state of emergency."

The ineffectiveness of the administrative machinery will lead to jeopardizing the community peace and the rule of law. In such situation, it is specially necessary for the President of the State to be empowered to exercise executive power to restore the rule of law and the community peace. It is not easy for the President to carry out the task alone. The power to do so should be vested in an organization formed with suitable persons of the respective regions or a suitable person to carry out the task on behalf of the President. Only then will the administration machinery be able to run normally.

It will be necessary for the President to exercise the legislative power of the Region or State or the Self-Administered Area in addition to exercising the executive power. The President should exercise the legislative power of the area which is in a state of emergency. But it should be the legislative power that concerns only the executive functions. In this matter, we assume that the President should not entrust a suitable person or an organization with the legislative power. It will be more appropriate if the President exercises the legislative power that can be exercised only by the Hluttaw of the respective areas as the Hluttaw is the legislative body.

Hence, discussions are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle should be adopted or not. The said detailed basic is concerned with the exercising of the executive power and the legislative power in the areas where a state of emergency has been declared.

"2. In the matters concerning the declaration of a state of emergency in accord with the paragraph 1, the President shall have the power to:

"(a) exercise the executive power of the Region or State or Self-Administered Area concerned. Moreover, he shall form a suitable organization and entrust the executive power to an organization concerned, or to a suitable person.

"(b) In doing so, out of the legislative matters of the respective Regions and States and the Self-Administered Areas, the President shall have the power to exercise the legislative power concerning the executive affairs. But the legislative power shall not be entrusted to any organization or any person."

It has been already explained the declaration of a state of emergency by the President and the measures he will have to take when a Region or State or a Self-Administered Area is not able to carry out its administrative functions in accord with the Constitution. Sometimes a threat endangering public lives and property may occur in addition to a halt in the administrative machinery.

The ineffectiveness of the administrative machinery can be the result of the weaknesses and failures of the persons and bodies of the executive sector. But the occurrence of a situation that will harm public lives and property is the result of the outside instigations. In accord with the saying, which goes, "The predator is happy when the forest is on fire", looters taking advantage of the situation may harm public lives and plunder of their property just for self-interest. Failure to halt and restore the situation will jeopardize security and stability of the State, community peace and the rule of law.

It will surely be necessary for the President to declare a state of emergency to restore the situation. As it has been explained in the above paragraphs, he should consult with the National Defence and Security Council in advance. What is important here is to protect public lives and property and restore regional stability, community peace and the rule of law. Only then will the respective regions enjoy security and economic stability and peace.

The President will have to declare a state of emergency after consulting with the National Defence and Security Council in advance to protect public lives and property and restore regional stability, community peace and the rule of law. But if not all the members of the National Defence and Security Council are present at the meeting with the President, there can be a delay in protecting public lives and property because of the delay in declaring a state of emergency in time. The NDSC members may be absent from the meeting due to health and other reasons.

In such situation, the President should declare a state of emergency after making coordination with the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services, the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services, the Minister of Defence and the Minister of Home Affairs, and the matter must be submitted to the NDSC soonest for approval. So, public lives and property can be saved in time.

If there arises a situation endangering public lives and property in a Region or a State, or a Self-Administered Area or in any part of them, the President will have to declare a state of emergency. Concerning the matter, discussions are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle should be adopted or not.

"3.(a) when there arises or there is sufficient reason to occur a state of emergency endangering life and property of the people in a Region or a State or a Self-Administered Area or in any part of them, the President after consulting with the National Defence and Security Council may issue an order having the force of the law to declare a state of emergency.

"(b) If not all the members of the National Defence and Security Council can attend the meeting in which the President consults with the National Defence and Security Council as prescribed in the above paragraph (a), the President, may after coordinating with the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services, the Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services, the Minister of Defence and the Minister of Home Affairs who are the members, declare a state of emergency in time. The declaration shall be submitted to the National Defence and Security Council soonest for approval."

If the situation arising from the ineffectiveness of the administrative machinery of an area is beyond the capacity of an organization or a person to restore stability and the administrative machinery back to normal, and when another situation arises to endanger public lives and property, local administrative organizations and civil organizations will be unable to control it. Moreover there will be disturbances against the functions of those organizations. In those circumstances, the local administrative bodies and civil bodies of the respective areas will surely need the Tatmadaw’s assistance to safely discharge their administrative and judicial duties well. There are many examples in which a nation has to take the assistance of the Armed Forces in a state of emergency. It is our view that there should be a detailed basic principle to take Tatmadaw’s assistance. Martial law should be issued, if the measures being taken by the local administrative and civil bodies with the help of the Tatmadaw are ineffectiveness and the danger is not dying down as it should be. It is opined that there should also be a detailed basic principle concerning the issuance of martial law. The decree of martial law should include administrative powers and functions and judicial powers and functions of the administrative bodies. Only then will the administrative bodies of the martial law be able to discharge their duties well.

Hence, discussions are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle to take Tatmadaw’s assistance and to issue martial law when necessary in an area in a state of emergency should be adopted or not.

"4. In connection with the declaration of a state of emergency in accord with the paragraph 3, the President shall:

"(a) take the assistance of the Tatmadaw to ensure local administrative bodies and members, and civil bodies and members to effectively carry out their functions in accord with the existing laws in order to swiftly restore the situation of an area where a state of emergency has been declared.

"(b) issue martial law order. In doing so, the President shall prescribe in the martial law order the administrative powers and functions and judicial powers and functions concerning community peace and the rule of law entrusted to the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services. The Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services shall exercise the powers and functions or empower them to a suitable military administrative official."

Now, explanation will be made on the decrees necessary for the President to declare a state of emergency and to transfer the State power to the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services. In some nations, they proclaim a state of emergency when and if necessary. In other countries they issue the emergency ordinance having the force of the law. In the 1947 Constitution, irrevocable order was issued in declaring a state of emergency. In certain countries, the provisions are made concerning the matter in accord with their situation.

A detailed basic principle "Except Union budget matters, the President shall have the right to issue an ordinance on administrative matters that need immediate action during the intervals between sessions of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw" has been adopted for the matter concerning powers and functions of the President in the Chapter "Sharing of the Executive Power. According to it, the President in declaring a state of emergency or issuing martial law order he should issue an ordinance in line with the powers and functions vested in him so that it will be in conformity with the above-mentioned detailed basic principle. But the state of emergency should be only for the specific area and should include a specific period. There can be a situation in which administrative and judicial functions are being carried out with Tatmadaw’s assistance and care. In other places that are not inclusive in a state of emergency, civil administrative bodies and civil bodies should carry out the executive and judicial functions. If the area is not designated precisely, there can be difficulties in carrying out the functions. Similarly, if the time is not fixed precisely, there can be legal disputes concerning the date on which a state of emergency comes into force. Thus, the ordinance issued by the President should include the fixed time and the specific area.

If the President declares a state of emergency, the people of the inclusive area cannot enjoy all the rights ensured by the Constitution. It will be difficult to differentiate between the good and the bad during the time efforts are being made to restore stability, regional peace and the rule of law because of the unrest ruled by anarchy. Hence, a provision or more than one provision should be restricted during the time. For example, a restriction should be made against civil unrest, assembling and procession. Verbal or written orders should be issued to forbid the right of expression if necessary to avoid occurrence of disturbances.

Concerning the issuance of an ordinance having the force of law by the President, the specification of the inclusive area and duration, restriction of or cessation of the fundamental rights of Citizens, discussion are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle should be adopted or not.

"5. The President when issues an ordinance having the force of law and declares a state of emergency, shall:

"(b) if necessary, restrict or revoke one or more provisions of the fundamental rights of the citizens residing in the area affected by a state of emergency declaration."

The President has to issue an ordinance to declare a state of emergency or a martial law order in accord with the emergency need of the nation while the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session. It is necessary for the President to submit the ordinance to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for approval. Only then will it be in conformity with the detailed basic principles concerning the powers and functions of the President on the Chapter "Sharing of the Executive Power". The President should submit the ordinance to the nearest session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw or should call the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw if it is not in session for approval.

Concerning the matter, the sub-sections (1) and (2) of section 110 of the 1947 Constitution stated, " (1) If at any time when both Chambers of Parliament are not in session, the President is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary for him to take immediate action, he may promulgate such Ordinances as the circumstances appear to him to require. An Ordinance promulgated under this section shall have the same force and effect as an Act of the Parliament assented to by the President. (2) Every such Ordinance shall be laid before both Chambers of Parliament within forty-five days from the date of promulgation thereof, unless it shall have been withdrawn earlier by the President, and shall cease to operate at the expiration of fifteen days from the re-assembly of the Chamber of Deputies or the Chamber of Nationalities, whichever is later:

Provided that the President may, with the consent of both Chambers of Parliament, extend the Ordinance for such further period as may be deemed necessary."

The article 74 of the 1974 Constitution also prescribed, "The Council of State may make, if necessary, ordinances having the force of law, on matters other than those prescribed in Article 47, during the interval between sessions of the Pyithu Hluttaw. Such orders shall be submitted for approval to the nearest session of the Pyithu Hluttaw held within 90 days. If no session of the Pyithu Hluttaw is due within 90 days after the promulgation of such orders, an emergency session of the Pyithu Hluttaw shall be convened and approval obtained. Such orders shall cease to have effect from the date on which they are disapproved by the Pyithu Hluttaw."

The sub-paragraph (b) of the paragraph 11 on the "Powers and Functions of the President" prescribes, "(b) If the President has not withdrawn the ordinance issued under sub-paragraph (a), he shall submit the ordinance for approval to the nearest session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw within 60 days after the promulgation of the ordinance. If the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw has not any schedule to hold a session within 60 days, the President shall cause to convene a special session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for approval."

Concerning the matter of seeking Pyidaungsu Hluttaw approval by the President after promulgation of an ordinance to declare a state of emergency, discussions are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle should be adopted or not.

"6. The President from the date of the promulgation shall present the measures taken in accord with the paragraphs 1 and 2 and the measures taken in accord with the paragraphs 3 and 4:

"(b) shall cause to convene a special session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for approval, if the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw has not any schedule to hold a session within 60 days."

In declaring a state of emergency, an ordinance shall be issued when there is a need to take immediate action for the State.

As the President promulgates the ordinance for immediate action for the State concerning a state of emergency, he should present it to the nearest session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw within the fixed time. The ordinance after having been passed by the Hluttaw will have force of a law enacted by the Hluttaw. Such orders shall cease to have effect from the date on which they are disapproved by the Pyithu Hluttaw.

The power to issue an ordinance is vested in the President in accord with the rules. Rules must be written in accord with the nation’s geographical and other situations. There shall be provisions stating the period in which the ordinance must be submitted to the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw and the period during which an ordinance is still in force. Hence a detailed basic principle should be laid down concerning the ordinance issued by the President to be in force with the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw till the required date and the ordinance that will cease to have effect from the date on which it is disapproved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.

The sub-paragraphs (c) and (d) of the paragraph 11 on the Powers and Functions of the President prescribe, "(c) The ordinance shall cease to have effect from the date on which it is disapproved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw." and "(d) The ordinance issued by the President will be in force with the approval of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw till the required date." The detailed basic principle must be in accord with the aforesaid subparas that have already been adopted.

Hence, discussions are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle should be adopted or not.

"7. (a) If the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session approves the submission of the President concerning the matters prescribed in the paragraph 6, the ordinance having the force of law shall be still in force till the fixed time and date.

"(b) In addition to the approval, if the period of the ordinance is extended, the ordinance having the force of law shall be still in force till the extended time and date.

"(c) The ordinance shall cease to have effect from the date on which it is disapproved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session."

The matters that have been explained in the above paragraphs concern the situation that can be put under control after the declaration of a state of emergency. In certain cases, the nation may lose sovereignty because of insurgency, unrest and terrorist acts it faces in a certain area or region or in the whole nation. And because of the insurgency, unrest and terrorist acts, the nation may face the danger of disintegration and disunity in which the nation totally lacks solidarity under an unruly situation.

The worst is that the nation will fall under colonization due to the loss of sovereignty and independence. Myanmar has faced such situations in history. If such situation arises, the President must declare a state of emergency in time. As it has already been explained, the President should consult with the National Defence and Security Council, formed to advise the President concerning national defence and security issues, in advance, rather than doing it alone. He should issue an ordinance in declaring a state of emergency. The promulgation of the ordinance should include the duration of the ordinance that is in force in the entire nation.

Hence, discussions are to be held and suggestions to be made whether the following detailed basic principle should be adopted or not.

"8. When there arises or there is sufficient reason to arise a state of emergency that may cause disintegration of the Union, disintegration of national solidarity and loss of national sovereignty, due to take over of sovereign State power or attempts by wrongful forcible means such as insurgency or violence, the President after consulting with the National Defence and Security Council shall proclaim an ordinance and shall declare a state of emergency. The proclamation shall stipulate that the area that the ordinance is in force is the entire nation and that its duration is one year from the date it is proclaimed."

Actively carry out national task with high nationalism and loyalty Special Refresher Course No 7 for faculty members concludes

Nay Pyi Taw, 31 Oct - Special refresher course No 7 for faculty members concluded yesterday afternoon at the Central Institute of Civil Service (Upper Myanmar) in PyinOoLwin Township, Mandalay Division. On behalf of Chairman of Myanmar Education Committee Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Thein Sein, Minister for Education Dr Chan Nyein delivered an address.

Present on the occasion were Minister for Electric Power No-2 Maj-Gen Khin Maung Myint, Minister for Sports Brig-Gen Thura Aye Myint, Mandalay Mayor Brig-Gen Phone Zaw Han, Deputy Minister for Education Brig-Gen Aung Myo Min, Deputy Minister for Health Dr Mya Oo, Deputy Minister for Religioius Affairs Brig-Gen Thura Aung Ko, Members of Civil Service Selection and Training Board U Nyi Tun and U Kyaw Aung, senior military officers, the departmental heads, the rectors and heads of departments of the CICS (Upper Myanmar) and trainees.

On behalf of Chairman of Myanmar Education Committee Secretary-1 of the State Peace and Development Council Lt-Gen Thein Sein, Minister for Education Dr Chan Nyein said that nowadays, each and every country is striving to develop their political, economic and cultural fields with a view to serving interest of their peoples. Like other nations, the Union of Myanmar is also trying to be on a par with the international community as well as safeguard the perpetuity of the whole Union. In other words, Myanmar is trying so to exist in the world as a sovereign nation with its own dignity free from any dominance.

Therefore, the minister said, the nation needs strong forces not only to develop industry, science and technology and economy but also to instil patriotism and Union Spirit into the people. Only when the nation is equipped with economic and technological strengths as well as strong human resources, will it become a peaceful and perpetual Union.

That is why the State is trying to improve nationalistic spirit and the capabilities of the citizens through national education promotion. It is also striving for safeguarding indepen-dence and sovereignty and perpetuity of the Union. As for the education sector, the State is taking measures to turn out intellectuals and intelligentsia in order to keep abreast of international science and technology.

It is required to make preparations for the emergence of a large number of scientists and technicians having wide and deep knowledge on the respective subjects.

In addition, efforts will have to be made for development of the arts branch that can help bring out visionary academics possessing the firm intellectual and mental qualities to safeguard and uplift national culture.

In this regard, faculties should strive to ensure harmony between the increase in the academic branches and subject-wise advancement for the flourishing of the arts and sciences institution-wise.

They, with the effective help of State-established universities and colleges of advanced standard, world-class curriculum, advanced teaching aids and computer and electronic network, should strive to further enhance the intellectual power of the public.

Their educational duties and the national tasks are indivisible. The education sector’s national duty is to overcome the challenges of the developing and changing era and the man-made challenges to oppress and dominate our nation.

Faculties should see the fact that if they live as bystanders at this critical moment for the national cause, independence and sovereignty will be lost and the race will face a terrible fate. As a teacher as well as an academic and a citizen the faculties will have to play their own part, while actively and dutifully carrying out the national task with high nationalism and loyalty.

High national education, development of arts and science and technology and turning out qualified intellectuals and intelligentsia are the national strengths that can bring about development of the nation and perpetuation of the Union.

In conclusion, the minister urged the faculty members to uplift education of the people and build nationalistic spirit and participate in the respective role for the emergence of a peaceful modern developed discipline-flourishing democratic nation.

Next, the minister presented prizes to outstanding trainees and completion certificates to the trainees through group leaders.

Later, the trainees donated cash to the funds for the Lawka Chantha Abhayalabha Muni Buddha Image, Tooth Relic Pagoda (Mandalay), renovation of ancient pagodas in Bagan, Union Solidarity and Development Association and the National Convention through the minister.

Only one authentic signature found, while others fakes when petition said to be of new Hsinte monastery is checked Ayeyawady Division also has cases in which trickery is used in collecting signatures

Nay Pyi Taw, 31 Oct - Daw Win Mya Mya, a member of the National League for Democracy of Mandalay Division, is the core person in trying to collect public signatures in Mandalay.

The papers to collect public signatures were distributed to U Than Lwin of Mandalay Division NLD, U Myint Swe of Mandalay South-West Township NLD, U Chit Yin of Mandalay South-East Township NLD and U Khin Maung Thaung of Mandalay North-West Township NLD through Daw Win Mya Mya.

Those four are organizing the persons who have close ties with them in collecting public signatures.

The political circles in Mandalay is criticizing the signature campaign saying that its activists give priority only to having a large number of signatures, using phoney signatures, names, NRC numbers and addresses as a means to deceive the people into believing that the campaign is winning wider public support.

The fake petition collected by U Khin Maung Thaung of North-West Township NLD included names and signatures of the Buddhist monks of new Hsinte monastery, old Hsinte monastery and Htilin monastery in Aungmyethazan Township of Mandalay.

When the petition was checked, it was found that according to the data collected by the authorities in July this year, there were 20 monks in the new Hsinte monastery; that in the petition, only one signature was authentic while others were fake signatures and names.

U Kyin Shein in Pathein, Ayeyawady Division, on 8 October asked his two friends, U Maung Nyunt and U Tin Oo whether they knew the 88 unrest. He tricked his two friends into signing in the paper by saying that they should give their signatures if they knew the unrest.

On 12 October, Tun Tun (a) Wa Ou of Nyaungdon tried to persuade two of his townspeople, U Win Tun and U Naing Lin, into signing in the paper. But the two refused to do so. Most of the people in Ayeyawady Division do not accept nor take interest in the so-called signature campaign.

Nay Pyi Taw, 31 Oct - Maestros and judges of the 14th Myanmar Traditional Cultural Performing Arts Competitions were honoured yesterday by the central committee for organizing the competitions.

The central committee hosted a dinner in honour of the maestros and judges at University of Veterinary Science (Yezin) and presented certificates of honour to them.

Chairman of the Central Committee for Organizing the 14th Myanmar Traditional Cultural Performing Arts Competitions Com-mander Brig-Gen Wai Lwin delivered an address and presented the certificates to maestros and judges.

Member of the panel of patrons of the Leading Committee for Organizing the 14th Myanmar Traditional Cultural Performing Arts Competitions Minister for Livestock and Fishery Brig-Gen Maung Maung Thein and Minister for Forestry Brig-Gen Thein Aung also presented certificates of honour to managers of the troupes from states and divisions, directors-general and rectors of University of Veterinary Science (Yezin), University of Agriculture and University of Forestry where the competitions were held. After the dinner, Commander Brig-Gen Wai Lwin presented cash awards to artistes who entertained those present at the dinner with songs and dances.

Members of Shwebo Township NLD quit as they lose interest, faith in party and its leaders

Yangon, 31 Oct - Members of Shwebo Township National League for Democracy in Sagaing Division U Nyunt Aung, U Kyaw Lin, U Tin Aung, Daw Nyunt Nyunt Aye and Daw Nyunt Aye of Khungyi village and U Aung Myint, U Nyo, U Cho, U Zaw Win and U Tin Win of Seikkhun village-tract and U Kyaw Win and U Tun Kyaw of Tintaung village-tract resigned from the party of their own accord, sending their resignations to NLD Headquarters and authorities concerned on 21 and 22 July respectively.

In the resignation letters sent by 12 members of Shwebo township NLD to Sagaing Division Multiparty Democracy General Election Sub-commission, they said they quit the NLD as they lost interest and faith in the party and its leaders due to their destructive acts harmful to the interests of the State and the people.

Yangon,30 Oct- Archery teams representing Singapore and Malaysia arrived here today to participate in the 3rd Asian Archery Grand Prix 2006 and 2nd SEA Archery Championship.

The 3rd Asian Archery Grand Prix and 2nd SEA Archery Championship are scheduled to be held in Kyaikkasan Grounds here from 1 to 7 November.

Vice-President of Asian Archery Federation Maj Baharuddin Jamil and three coaches also arrived here this morning.

They were welcomed at Yangon International Airport by officials of the Ministry of Sports, General Secretary U Kyaw Oo and executives of Myanmar Archery Federation.

Nay Pyi Taw, 1 Nov- U Nyan Win, Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Union of Myanmar, has sent a message of felicitations to His Excellency Mr Mohammed Bedjaoui, Minister of Foreign Affairs of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, on the occasion of the National Day of the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, which falls on 1 November, 2006.

Yangon, 31 Oct - The 7th Biennial Conference of Myanmar Society of Anaesthesio-logists of Myanmar Medical Association (MMA) is scheduled to be held on 2nd and 3rd February 2007 at MMA in Mingala Taungnyunt Township.

Abstracts of free paper and case reports will be accepted at Education Committee of the Anesthesiology Department, Institute of Medicine-1, and Yangon General Hospital not later than 14 December, 2006.

Yangon, 31 Oct- Retransmission stations in Maei, Rakhine State, and Kyaukhtu, Magway Division launched its services last week.

The construction of the station in Maei was completed on 24 October while the construction of the station in Kyaukhtu was completed on 25 October. They were constructed under the programme of extending the TV programmes.